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Chapter 1: Confi guring Your Installation
According to the Netcraft web site ( www.netcraft.com ), Apache is running over 83.5 million Internet
servers, more than Microsoft, Sun ONE, and Zeus combined at the time of this writing. Its flexibility,
power, and, of course, price make it a popular choice. It can be used to host a web site for the general
public, a company - wide intranet or for simply testing your pages before they are uploaded to a secure
server on another machine.
Follow these steps to download and install Apache on your Windows machine (installation instructions
can be found in Appendix I ):
1. Go to www.apache.org , and click the HTTP Server link in the Apache Projects list. The Apache
Software Foundation offers many different software packages, though the HTTP Server is the
only one we are concerned with.
2. Click the Download link under the most recent version of Apache.
3. Click the Win 32 Binary (MSI Installer) link to download the installation package. Whether you
choose the download without mod_ssl or the one that includes OpenSLL depends on your local
laws, needs and personal preferences. We do not use any of the functionality offered by mod_ssl
in this book, so if you want to lean towards the safe side feel free to download the package
without mod_ssl .
If you experience problems downloading this file, you can try downloading from a
different mirror site. Select an available mirror from the drop - down box near the top of the
download page.
4. You should be able to double - click the MSI file to initiate the installation wizard for Apache once
it has finished downloading, but you may experience some issues depending on what security
policies Windows has in effect. We recommend running the installer with administrative
privileges from within a console window.
To open a console as an Administrator in Windows XP, navigate through Start All Programs
Accessories, right - click on Command Prompt and select the Run As option. In Windows Vista,
navigate through Start All Programs Accessories, right - click on Command Prompt, and
select the Run as Administrator option.
5. Use the cd command to navigate to where you downloaded the installer file, and then run the
installer using msiexec - i . The Installation Wizard will open.
cd C:\Users\Timothy\Downloads\
msiexec -i apache_2.2.9-win32-x86-no_ssl-r2.msi
6. After accepting the installation agreement, you will see a screen that is equivalent to a
readme.txt file — it gives basic information about the Apache software and where to go to
find more information. We highly recommend that you read this.
7. Enter the following information on the Server Information screen:
❑ Domain name: For example, example.com
❑ Server name: For example, www.example.com
❑ Net administrator ’ s e - mail address
❑ Whether to install Apache for all users or only the current user.
We recommend the default option, which is to install Apache for all users on port 80 as a service.
Part I: Movie Review Web Site
8
8. At the Setup Type screen, the Typical installation option is recommended for beginners and will
suffice for most of your needs. If you have special circumstances or are an advanced user, feel
free to chose the Custom setup option.
9. You can specify which directory Apache will be installed in on the Destination Folder screen.
Again, we recommend the default ( C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\
Apache2.2 ), although you may want to change this depending on your needs and your
system ’ s configuration.
10. How long it takes for Apache to be installed on your system depends on many factors, but
typically it shouldn ’ t take longer than a couple minutes. The wizard will tell you when it has
finished, and you can click the Finish button to close the window.
11. To close the console window from which you launched the installation file, you can either click
the X in the window ’ s top - right corner or enter exit at the prompt.
12. Next, bring up the System Properties window. In Windows XP, this is done by right - clicking on
the My Computer icon on your desktop and selecting Properties. In Windows Vista, this is done
by right - clicking on the Computer icon on your desktop, selecting Properties, and then selecting
Advanced System Settings.
13. Select the Advanced tab, and then click the Environment Variables button. Select PATH from
the System variables section and then Edit. Add the path to Apache ’ s bin directory to the end
of the existing list ( C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin by
default). This will allow you to run Apache ’ s utilities from the command line without having to
explicitly type the full path each time.
Starting and Stopping Apache
Apache runs as a service waiting for web requests and handling them in the background; you don ’ t
interact with it on the desktop like other applications. Instead, you set Apache ’ s options with its
configuration file. There are three ways to start and stop the server:
Windows Service Manager: Go to Start Control Panel Administrative Tools, and click on
the Services icon. Alternatively, you can go to Start Run and execute services.msc . If you
installed Apache as a Windows service for all users (the suggested installation type), then you
will see its entry in the listing of services. Just highlight the entry and click the desired action
(start, stop or restart).
The net command: The net command is used to monitor network related services. Open up a
command window that has administrative privileges, and type net start apache2.2 to start
Apache and net stop apache2.2 to stop Apache.
Apache Service Monitor: The Apache Service Monitor is installed by default with Apache and
typically can be found running in your system tray. If it ’ s not there, then you can find it by going
to Start All Programs Apache HTTP Server 2.2 Monitor Apache Servers. Just highlight the
server ’ s entry and click the desired action button (start, stop or restart).
Apache only reads its main configuration file once when it starts up, so you will need to restart Apache
any time you make changes to its configuration file for those changes to be active.
According to the Netcraft web site ( www.netcraft.com ), Apache is running over 83.5 million Internet
servers, more than Microsoft, Sun ONE, and Zeus combined at the time of this writing. Its flexibility,
power, and, of course, price make it a popular choice. It can be used to host a web site for the general
public, a company - wide intranet or for simply testing your pages before they are uploaded to a secure
server on another machine.
Follow these steps to download and install Apache on your Windows machine (installation instructions
can be found in Appendix I ):
1. Go to www.apache.org , and click the HTTP Server link in the Apache Projects list. The Apache
Software Foundation offers many different software packages, though the HTTP Server is the
only one we are concerned with.
2. Click the Download link under the most recent version of Apache.
3. Click the Win 32 Binary (MSI Installer) link to download the installation package. Whether you
choose the download without mod_ssl or the one that includes OpenSLL depends on your local
laws, needs and personal preferences. We do not use any of the functionality offered by mod_ssl
in this book, so if you want to lean towards the safe side feel free to download the package
without mod_ssl .
If you experience problems downloading this file, you can try downloading from a
different mirror site. Select an available mirror from the drop - down box near the top of the
download page.
4. You should be able to double - click the MSI file to initiate the installation wizard for Apache once
it has finished downloading, but you may experience some issues depending on what security
policies Windows has in effect. We recommend running the installer with administrative
privileges from within a console window.
To open a console as an Administrator in Windows XP, navigate through Start All Programs
Accessories, right - click on Command Prompt and select the Run As option. In Windows Vista,
navigate through Start All Programs Accessories, right - click on Command Prompt, and
select the Run as Administrator option.
5. Use the cd command to navigate to where you downloaded the installer file, and then run the
installer using msiexec - i . The Installation Wizard will open.
cd C:\Users\Timothy\Downloads\
msiexec -i apache_2.2.9-win32-x86-no_ssl-r2.msi
6. After accepting the installation agreement, you will see a screen that is equivalent to a
readme.txt file — it gives basic information about the Apache software and where to go to
find more information. We highly recommend that you read this.
7. Enter the following information on the Server Information screen:
❑ Domain name: For example, example.com
❑ Server name: For example, www.example.com
❑ Net administrator ’ s e - mail address
❑ Whether to install Apache for all users or only the current user.
We recommend the default option, which is to install Apache for all users on port 80 as a service.
Part I: Movie Review Web Site
8
8. At the Setup Type screen, the Typical installation option is recommended for beginners and will
suffice for most of your needs. If you have special circumstances or are an advanced user, feel
free to chose the Custom setup option.
9. You can specify which directory Apache will be installed in on the Destination Folder screen.
Again, we recommend the default ( C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\
Apache2.2 ), although you may want to change this depending on your needs and your
system ’ s configuration.
10. How long it takes for Apache to be installed on your system depends on many factors, but
typically it shouldn ’ t take longer than a couple minutes. The wizard will tell you when it has
finished, and you can click the Finish button to close the window.
11. To close the console window from which you launched the installation file, you can either click
the X in the window ’ s top - right corner or enter exit at the prompt.
12. Next, bring up the System Properties window. In Windows XP, this is done by right - clicking on
the My Computer icon on your desktop and selecting Properties. In Windows Vista, this is done
by right - clicking on the Computer icon on your desktop, selecting Properties, and then selecting
Advanced System Settings.
13. Select the Advanced tab, and then click the Environment Variables button. Select PATH from
the System variables section and then Edit. Add the path to Apache ’ s bin directory to the end
of the existing list ( C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin by
default). This will allow you to run Apache ’ s utilities from the command line without having to
explicitly type the full path each time.
Starting and Stopping Apache
Apache runs as a service waiting for web requests and handling them in the background; you don ’ t
interact with it on the desktop like other applications. Instead, you set Apache ’ s options with its
configuration file. There are three ways to start and stop the server:
Windows Service Manager: Go to Start Control Panel Administrative Tools, and click on
the Services icon. Alternatively, you can go to Start Run and execute services.msc . If you
installed Apache as a Windows service for all users (the suggested installation type), then you
will see its entry in the listing of services. Just highlight the entry and click the desired action
(start, stop or restart).
The net command: The net command is used to monitor network related services. Open up a
command window that has administrative privileges, and type net start apache2.2 to start
Apache and net stop apache2.2 to stop Apache.
Apache Service Monitor: The Apache Service Monitor is installed by default with Apache and
typically can be found running in your system tray. If it ’ s not there, then you can find it by going
to Start All Programs Apache HTTP Server 2.2 Monitor Apache Servers. Just highlight the
server ’ s entry and click the desired action button (start, stop or restart).
Apache only reads its main configuration file once when it starts up, so you will need to restart Apache
any time you make changes to its configuration file for those changes to be active.
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